Misdemeanor Charges A - Z: Criminal Defense Attorney Chandler, Chandler Criminal Defense Lawyer

Assault

Assault requires proof that:

A person intentionally knowingly or recklessly caused a physical injury to another person;
A person intentionally put another person in reasonable apprehension of immediate physical injury; or
A person knowingly touched another person with the intent to injure, insult, or provoke that person; and

The attorneys at Shell & Nermyr have obtained not guilty verdicts for many people charged with assault. The attorneys at Shell & Nermyr have convinced many prosecutors to dismiss countless cases in which our clients were charged with assault. Even more impressive, the lawyers at Shell & Nermyr have convinced courts across the State of Arizona to dismiss hundreds of assault cases.

DV Assault or domestic violence assault is one of the easiest cases to get dismissed. Just because the State of Arizona charges a person with DV assault does not mean that the person will be convicted of domestic violence assault.

If a person is convicted of assault that person is often facing a jail sentence. That jail sentence ranges from 30-180 days. However, in some cases a person may be granted probation but only if the case is handled properly by the criminal defense lawyer.

If a person in Arizona is convicted of DV assault that person will be required to attend domestic violence counseling. Additionally, if a person is convicted of assault there is federal law that will prohibit that person from ever owning a firearm for the rest of their life.

In Phoenix, Scottsdale, Tempe, Mesa, Gilbert, Chandler, Peoria, Glendale, and most Arizona cities a person may be able to get their DV assault case dismissed if they enter a diversion program. Diversion is when a person attends anger management and domestic violence classes in order to have their case dismissed.

If a person is charged with or even thinks that they may be charged with assault it is very important to retain an attorney as quickly as possible. The lawyers at Shell & Nermyr will aggressively represent every client that is charged with a crime.

The law for assault in Arizona is Arizona Revised Statute 13-1203

13-1203. Assault

A person commits assault by:
1. Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly causing any physical injury to another person; or
2. Intentionally placing another person in reasonable apprehension of imminent physical injury; or
3. Knowingly touching another person with the intent to injure, insult or provoke such person.
Assault committed intentionally or knowingly pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 1 is a class 1 misdemeanor. Assault committed recklessly pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 1 or assault pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 2 is a class 2 misdemeanor. Assault committed pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 3 is a class 3 misdemeanor.

Contributing to delinquency

13-3613. Contributing to delinquency and dependency; classification; procedure

A person who by any act, causes, encourages or contributes to the dependency or delinquency of a child, as defined by section 13-3612, or who for any cause is responsible therefor is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor.
The procedure and prosecution shall be the same as in other criminal cases.
When the charge concerns the dependency of a child or children, the offense for convenience may be termed contributory dependency, and when the charge concerns the delinquency of a child or children, the offense for convenience may be termed contributory delinquency.

Criminal Damage

Criminal damage requires proof that:

A person intentionally knowingly or recklessly caused impairment to property; and Another person had a legal interest in the property. The attorneys at Shell & Nermyr have obtained not guilty verdicts for many people charged with criminal damage. The attorneys at Shell & Nermyr have convinced many prosecutors to dismiss countless cases in which our clients were charged with criminal damage. Even more impressive, the lawyers at Shell & Nermyr have convinced courts across the State of Arizona to dismiss hundreds of criminal damage cases.

DV Criminal damage or domestic violence criminal damage is one of the easiest cases to get dismissed. Just because the State of Arizona charges a person with DV criminal damage does not mean that the person will be convicted of domestic violence criminal damage.

If a person is convicted of criminal damage that person is often facing a jail sentence. That jail sentence ranges from 30-180 days. However, in some cases a person may be granted probation but only if the case is handled properly by the criminal defense lawyer.

If a person in Arizona is convicted of DV criminal damage that person will be required to attend domestic violence counseling. Additionally, if a person is convicted of criminal damage there is federal law that will prohibit that person from ever owning a firearm for the rest of their life.

In Phoenix, Scottsdale, Tempe, Mesa, Gilbert, Chandler, Peoria, Glendale, and most Arizona cities a person may be able to get their DV criminal damage case dismissed if they enter a diversion program. Diversion is when a person attends anger management and domestic violence classes in order to have their case dismissed.

If a person is charged with or even thinks that they may be charged with criminal damage it is very important to retain an attorney as quickly as possible. The lawyers at Shell & Nermyr will aggressively represent every client that is charged with a crime.

The law for criminal damage in Arizona is Arizona Revised Statute 13-1602

13-1602. Criminal Damage

A person commits criminal damage by recklessly:
1. Defacing or damaging property of another person; or
2. Tampering with property of another person so as substantially to impair its function or value; or
3. Tampering with the property of a utility.
4. Parking any vehicle in such a manner as to deprive livestock of access to the only reasonably available water.
5. Drawing or inscribing a message, slogan, sign or symbol that is made on any public or private building, structure or surface, except the ground, and that is made without permission of the owner.
Criminal damage is punished as follows:
Criminal damage is a class 4 felony if the person recklessly damages property of another in an amount of ten thousand dollars or more, or if the person recklessly causes impairment of the functioning of any utility.
Criminal damage is a class 5 felony if the person recklessly damages property of another in an amount of two thousand dollars or more but less than ten thousand dollars.
Criminal damage is a class 6 felony if the person recklessly damages property of another in an amount of more than two hundred fifty dollars but less than two thousand dollars.
In all other cases criminal damage is a class 2 misdemeanor.

Cruelty to Animals

13-2910. Cruelty to animals; interference with working or service animal; classification; definitions

A person commits cruelty to animals if the person does any of the following:
1. Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly subjects any animal under the person’s custody or control to cruel neglect or abandonment.
2. Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly fails to provide medical attention necessary to prevent protracted suffering to any animal under the person’s custody or control.
3. Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly inflicts unnecessary physical injury to any animal.
4. Recklessly subjects any animal to cruel mistreatment.
5. Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly kills any animal under the custody or control of another person without either legal privilege or consent of the owner.
6. Recklessly interferes with, kills or harms a working or service animal without either legal privilege or consent of the owner.
7. Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly leaves an animal unattended and confined in a motor vehicle and physical injury to or death of the animal is likely to result.
8. Intentionally or knowingly subjects any animal under the person’s custody or control to cruel neglect or abandonment that results in serious physical injury to the animal.
9. Intentionally or knowingly subjects any animal to cruel mistreatment.
10. Intentionally or knowingly interferes with, kills or harms a working or service animal without either legal privilege or consent of the owner.
11. Intentionally or knowingly allows any dog that is under the person’s custody or control to interfere with, kill or cause physical injury to a service animal.
12. Recklessly allows any dog that is under the person’s custody or control to interfere with, kill or cause physical injury to a service animal.
13. Intentionally or knowingly obtains or exerts unauthorized control over a service animal with the intent to deprive the service animal handler of the service animal.
It is a defense to subsection A of this section if:
1. Any person exposes poison to be taken by a dog that has killed or wounded livestock or poison to be taken by predatory animals on premises owned, leased or controlled by the person for the purpose of protecting the person or the person’s livestock or poultry, and the treated property is kept posted by the person who authorized or performed the treatment until the poison has been removed, and the poison is removed by the person exposing the poison after the threat to the person, or the person’s livestock or poultry has ceased to exist. The posting required shall provide adequate warning to persons who enter the property by the point or points of normal entry. The warning notice that is posted shall be readable at a distance of fifty feet, shall contain a poison statement and symbol and shall state the word “danger” or “warning”.
2. Any person uses poisons in and immediately around buildings owned, leased or controlled by the person for the purpose of controlling wild and domestic rodents as otherwise allowed by the laws of the state, excluding any fur-bearing animals as defined in section 17-101.
This section does not prohibit or restrict:
1. The taking of wildlife or other activities permitted by or pursuant to title 17.
2. Activities permitted by or pursuant to title 3.
3. Activities regulated by the Arizona game and fish department or the Arizona department of agriculture.
A peace officer, animal control enforcement agent or animal control enforcement deputy may use reasonable force to open a vehicle to rescue an animal if the animal is left in the vehicle as prescribed in subsection A, paragraph 7 of this section.
A person who is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 6 or 10 of this section is liable as follows:
1. If the working or service animal was killed or disabled, to the owner or agency that owns the working or service animal and that employs the handler or to the owner or handler for the replacement and training costs of the working or service animal and for any veterinary bills.
2. To the owner or agency that owns a working or service animal for the salary of the handler for the period of time that the handler’s services are lost to the owner or agency.
3. To the owner for the owner’s contractual losses with the agency.
An incorporated city or town or a county may adopt an ordinance with misdemeanor provisions at least as stringent as the misdemeanor provisions of this section.
A person who violates subsection A, paragraph 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 12 of this section is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor. A person who violates subsection A, paragraph 8, 9, 10, 11 or 13 of this section is guilty of a class 6 felony.
For the purposes of this section:
1. “Animal” means a mammal, bird, reptile or amphibian.
2. “Cruel mistreatment” means to torture or otherwise inflict unnecessary serious physical injury upon an animal or to kill an animal in a manner that causes protracted suffering to the animal.
3. “Cruel neglect” means to fail to provide an animal with necessary food, water or shelter.
4. “Handler” means a law enforcement officer or any other person who has successfully completed a course of training prescribed by the person’s agency or the service animal owner and who used a specially trained animal under the direction of the person’s agency or the service animal owner.
5. “Service animal” means an animal that has completed a formal training program, that assists its owner in one or more daily living tasks that are associated with a productive lifestyle and that is trained to not pose a danger to the health and safety of the general public.
6. “Working animal” means a horse or dog that is used by a law enforcement agency, that is specially trained for law enforcement work and that is under the control of a handler.

Disorderly conduct Disorderly conduct requires proof that:

A person, with intent to disturb a

neighborhood, or
a family, or
a person
the person:

Engages in fighting; or Makes unreasonable noise; or Uses abusive or offensive language; or Makes any protracted commotion to prevent a lawful meeting; or Refuses to obey a lawful order in proximity to an emergency; or Recklessly handles deadly weapon or dangerous instrument. The attorneys at Shell & Nermyr have obtained not guilty verdicts for many people charged with disorderly conduct. The attorneys at Shell & Nermyrhave convinced many prosecutors to dismiss countless cases in which our clients were charged with disorderly conduct. Even more impressive, the lawyers at Shell & Nermyr have convinced courts across the State of Arizona to dismiss hundreds of disorderly conduct cases.

DV Disorderly conduct or domestic violence disorderly conduct is one of the easiest cases to get dismissed. Just because the State of Arizona charges a person with DV disorderly conduct does not mean that the person will be convicted of domestic violence disorderly conduct.

If a person is convicted of disorderly conduct that person is often facing a jail sentence. That jail sentence ranges from 30-180 days. However, in some cases a person may be granted probation but only if the case is handled properly by the criminal defense lawyer.

If a person in Arizona is convicted of DV disorderly conduct that person will be required to attend domestic violence counseling. Additionally, if a person is convicted of disorderly conduct there is federal law that will prohibit that person from ever owning a firearm for the rest of their life.

In Phoenix, Scottsdale, Tempe, Mesa, Gilbert, Chandler, Peoria, Glendale, and most Arizona cities a person may be able to get their DV disorderly conduct case dismissed if they enter a diversion program. Diversion is when a person attends anger management and domestic violence classes in order to have their case dismissed.

If a person is charged with or even thinks that they may be charged with disorderly conduct it is very important to retain an attorney as quickly as possible. The lawyers at Shell & Nermyr will aggressively represent every client that is charged with a crime.

The law for disorderly conduct in Arizona is Arizona Revised Statute 13-2904

13-2904. Disorderly conduct

A person commits disorderly conduct if, with intent to disturb the peace or quiet of a neighborhood, family or person, or with knowledge of doing so, such person:
1. Engages in fighting, violent or seriously disruptive behavior; or
2. Makes unreasonable noise; or
3. Uses abusive or offensive language or gestures to any person present in a manner likely to provoke immediate physical retaliation by such person; or
4. Makes any protracted commotion, utterance or display with the intent to prevent the transaction of the business of a lawful meeting, gathering or procession; or
5. Refuses to obey a lawful order to disperse issued to maintain public safety in dangerous proximity to a fire, a hazard or any other emergency; or
6. Recklessly handles, displays or discharges a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument.
Disorderly conduct under subsection A, paragraph 6 is a class 6 felony. Disorderly conduct under subsection A, paragraph 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 is a class 1 misdemeanor.

Domestic Violence

13-3601. Domestic violence; definition; classification; sentencing option; arrest and procedure for violation; weapon seizure; notice

“Domestic violence” means any act which is a dangerous crime against children as defined in section 13-705 or an offense defined in section 13-1201 through 13-1204, 13-1302 through 13-1304, 13-1502 through 13-1504 or 13-1602, section 13-2810, section 13-2904, subsection A, paragraph 1, 2, 3 or 6, section 13-2916 or section 13-2921, 13-2921.01, 13-2923, 13-3019, 13-3601.02 or 13-3623, if any of the following applies:
1. The relationship between the victim and the defendant is one of marriage or former marriage or of persons residing or having resided in the same household.
2. The victim and the defendant have a child in common.
3. The victim or the defendant is pregnant by the other party.
4. The victim is related to the defendant or the defendant’s spouse by blood or court order as a parent, grandparent, child, grandchild, brother or sister or by marriage as a parent-in-law, grandparent-in-law, stepparent, step-grandparent, stepchild, step-grandchild, brother-in-law or sister-in-law.
5. The victim is a child who resides or has resided in the same household as the defendant and is related by blood to a former spouse of the defendant or to a person who resides or who has resided in the same household as the defendant.
A peace officer, with or without a warrant, may arrest a person if the officer has probable cause to believe that domestic violence has been committed and the officer has probable cause to believe that the person to be arrested has committed the offense, whether the offense is a felony or a misdemeanor and whether the offense was committed within or without the presence of the peace officer. In cases of domestic violence involving the infliction of physical injury or involving the discharge, use or threatening exhibition of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument, the peace officer shall arrest a person, with or without a warrant, if the officer has probable cause to believe that the offense has been committed and the officer has probable cause to believe that the person to be arrested has committed the offense, whether the offense was committed within or without the presence of the peace officer, unless the officer has reasonable grounds to believe that the circumstances at the time are such that the victim will be protected from further injury. Failure to make an arrest does not give rise to civil liability except pursuant to section 12-820.02. In order to arrest both parties, the peace officer shall have probable cause to believe that both parties independently have committed an act of domestic violence. An act of self-defense that is justified under chapter 4 of this title is not deemed to be an act of domestic violence. The release procedures available under section 13-3883, subsection A, paragraph 4 and section 13-3903 are not applicable to arrests made pursuant to this subsection.
A peace officer may question the persons who are present to determine if a firearm is present on the premises. On learning or observing that a firearm is present on the premises, the peace officer may temporarily seize the firearm if the firearm is in plain view or was found pursuant to a consent to search and if the officer reasonably believes that the firearm would expose the victim or another person in the household to a risk of serious bodily injury or death. A firearm that is owned or possessed by the victim shall not be seized unless there is probable cause to believe that both parties independently have committed an act of domestic violence.
If a firearm is seized pursuant to subsection C of this section, the peace officer shall give the owner or possessor of the firearm a receipt for each seized firearm. The receipt shall indicate the identification or serial number or other identifying characteristic of each seized firearm. Each seized firearm shall be held for at least seventy-two hours by the law enforcement agency that seized the firearm.
If a firearm is seized pursuant to subsection C of this section, the victim shall be notified by a peace officer before the firearm is released from temporary custody.
If there is reasonable cause to believe that returning a firearm to the owner or possessor may endanger the victim, the person who reported the assault or threat or another person in the household, the prosecutor shall file a notice of intent to retain the firearm in the appropriate superior, justice or municipal court. The prosecutor shall serve notice on the owner or possessor of the firearm by certified mail. The notice shall state that the firearm will be retained for not more than six months following the date of seizure. On receipt of the notice, the owner or possessor may request a hearing for the return of the firearm, to dispute the grounds for seizure or to request an earlier return date. The court shall hold the hearing within ten days after receiving the owner’s or possessor’s request for a hearing. At the hearing, unless the court determines that the return of the firearm may endanger the victim, the person who reported the assault or threat or another person in the household, the court shall order the return of the firearm to the owner or possessor.
A peace officer is not liable for any act or omission in the good faith exercise of the officer’s duties under subsections C, D, E and F of this section.
Each indictment, information, complaint, summons or warrant that is issued and that involves domestic violence shall state that the offense involved domestic violence and shall be designated by the letters DV. A domestic violence charge shall not be dismissed or a domestic violence conviction shall not be set aside for failure to comply with this subsection.
A person who is arrested pursuant to subsection B of this section may be released from custody in accordance with the Arizona rules of criminal procedure or any other applicable statute. Any order for release, with or without an appearance bond, shall include pretrial release conditions that are necessary to provide for the protection of the alleged victim and other specifically designated persons and may provide for additional conditions that the court deems appropriate, including participation in any counseling programs available to the defendant.
When a peace officer responds to a call alleging that domestic violence has been or may be committed, the officer shall inform in writing any alleged or potential victim of the procedures and resources available for the protection of the victim including:
1. An order of protection pursuant to section 13-3602, an injunction pursuant to section 25-315 and an injunction against harassment pursuant to section 12-1809.
2. The emergency telephone number for the local police agency.
3. Telephone numbers for emergency services in the local community.
A peace officer is not civilly liable for noncompliance with subsection J of this section.
An offense that is included in domestic violence carries the classification prescribed in the section of this title in which the offense is classified. If the defendant committed a felony offense listed in subsection A of this section against a pregnant victim and knew that the victim was pregnant or if the defendant committed a felony offense causing physical injury to a pregnant victim and knew that the victim was pregnant, section 13-709.04, subsection B applies to the sentence imposed.
If the defendant is found guilty of a first offense included in domestic violence, the court shall provide the following written notice to the defendant:

You have been convicted of an offense included in domestic violence. You are now on notice that: 1. If you are convicted of a second offense included in domestic violence, you may be placed on supervised probation and may be incarcerated as a condition of probation. 2. A third or subsequent charge may be filed as a felony and a conviction for that offense shall result in a term of incarceration. N. The failure or inability of the court to provide the notice required under subsection M of this section does not preclude the use of the prior convictions for any purpose otherwise permitted.

Drug Paraphernalia

13-3415. Possession, manufacture, delivery and advertisement of drug paraphernalia; definitions; violation; classification; civil forfeiture; factors

It is unlawful for any person to use, or to possess with intent to use, drug paraphernalia to plant, propagate, cultivate, grow, harvest, manufacture, compound, convert, produce, process, prepare, test, analyze, pack, repack, store, contain, conceal, inject, ingest, inhale or otherwise introduce into the human body a drug in violation of this chapter. Any person who violates this subsection is guilty of a class 6 felony.
It is unlawful for any person to deliver, possess with intent to deliver or manufacture with intent to deliver drug paraphernalia knowing, or under circumstances where one reasonably should know, that it will be used to plant, propagate, cultivate, grow, harvest, manufacture, compound, convert, produce, process, prepare, test, analyze, pack, repack, store, contain, conceal, inject, ingest, inhale or otherwise introduce into the human body a drug in violation of this chapter. Any person who violates this subsection is guilty of a class 6 felony.
It is unlawful for a person to place in a newspaper, magazine, handbill or other publication any advertisement knowing, or under circumstances where one reasonably should know, that the purpose of the advertisement, in whole or in part, is to promote the sale of objects designed or intended for use as drug paraphernalia. Any person who violates this subsection is guilty of a class 6 felony.
All drug paraphernalia is subject to forfeiture pursuant to chapter 39 of this title. The failure to charge or acquittal of an owner or anyone in control of drug paraphernalia in violation of this chapter does not prevent a finding that the object is intended for use or designed for use as drug paraphernalia.
In determining whether an object is drug paraphernalia, a court or other authority shall consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors, the following:
1. Statements by an owner or by anyone in control of the object concerning its use.
2. Prior convictions, if any, of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, under any state or federal law relating to any drug.
3. The proximity of the object, in time and space, to a direct violation of this chapter.
4. The proximity of the object to drugs.
5. The existence of any residue of drugs on the object.
6. Direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, to deliver it to persons whom he knows, or should reasonably know, intend to use the object to facilitate a violation of this chapter.
7. Instructions, oral or written, provided with the object concerning its use.
8. Descriptive materials accompanying the object which explain or depict its use.
9. National and local advertising concerning its use.
10. The manner in which the object is displayed for sale.
11. Whether the owner, or anyone in control of the object, is a legitimate supplier of like or related items to the community, such as a licensed distributor or dealer of tobacco products.
12. Direct or circumstantial evidence of the ratio of sales of the object to the total sales of the business enterprise.
13. The existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object in the community.
14. Expert testimony concerning its use.
In this section, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. “Drug” means any narcotic drug, dangerous drug, marijuana or peyote.
2. “Drug paraphernalia” means all equipment, products and materials of any kind which are used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, harvesting, manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, preparing, testing, analyzing, packaging, repackaging, storing, containing, concealing, injecting, ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing into the human body a drug in violation of this chapter. It includes:
  1. Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing or harvesting any species of plant which is a drug or from which a drug can be derived.
  2. Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing or preparing drugs.
  3. Isomerization devices used, intended for use or designed for use in increasing the potency of any species of plant which is a drug.
  4. Testing equipment used, intended for use or designed for use in identifying or analyzing the strength, effectiveness or purity of drugs.
  5. Scales and balances used, intended for use or designed for use in weighing or measuring drugs.
  6. Diluents and adulterants, such as quinine hydrochloride, mannitol, mannite, dextrose and lactose, used, intended for use or designed for use in cutting drugs.
  7. Separation gins and sifters used, intended for use or designed for use in removing twigs and seeds from, or in otherwise cleaning or refining, marijuana.
  8. Blenders, bowls, containers, spoons and mixing devices used, intended for use or designed for use in compounding drugs.
  9. Capsules, balloons, envelopes and other containers used, intended for use or designed for use in packaging small quantities of drugs.
  10. Containers and other objects used, intended for use or designed for use in storing or concealing drugs.
  11. Hypodermic syringes, needles and other objects used, intended for use or designed for use in parenterally injecting drugs into the human body.
3. 1. Objects used, intended for use or designed for use in ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing marijuana, a narcotic drug, a dangerous drug, hashish or hashish oil into the human body, such as:
4. 1. Metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic or ceramic pipes with or without screens, permanent screens, hashish heads or punctured metal bowls.
  2. Water pipes.
  3. Carburetion tubes and devices.
  4. (Smoking and carburetion masks.
  5. Roach clips, meaning objects used to hold burning material, such as a marijuana cigarette, that has become too small or too short to be held in the hand.
  6. Miniature cocaine spoons and cocaine vials.
  7. Chamber pipes.
  8. Carburetor pipes.
  9. Electric pipes.
  10. Air-driven pipes.
  11. Chillums.
  12. Bongs.
  13. Ice pipes or chillers.

DUI Blood & Breath

28-1388. Blood and breath tests; violation; classification; admissible evidence

If blood is drawn under section 28-1321, only a physician, a registered nurse or another qualified person may withdraw blood for the purpose of determining the alcohol concentration or drug content in the blood. The qualifications of the individual withdrawing the blood and the method used to withdraw the blood are not foundational prerequisites for the admissibility of a blood alcohol content determination made pursuant to this subsection.
If a law enforcement officer administers a duplicate breath test and the person tested is given a reasonable opportunity to arrange for an additional test pursuant to subsection C of this section, a sample of the person’s breath does not have to be collected or preserved.
The person tested shall be given a reasonable opportunity to arrange for any physician, registered nurse or other qualified person of the person’s own choosing to administer a test or tests in addition to any administered at the direction of a law enforcement officer. The failure or inability to obtain an additional test by a person does not preclude the admission of evidence relating to the test or tests taken at the direction of a law enforcement officer.
If a person under arrest refuses to submit to a test or tests under section 28-1321, whether or not a sample was collected pursuant to subsection E of this section or a search warrant, evidence of refusal is admissible in any civil or criminal action or other proceeding. The issue of refusal is an issue of fact to be determined by the trier of fact in all cases.
Notwithstanding any other law, if a law enforcement officer has probable cause to believe that a person has violated section 28-1381 and a sample of blood, urine or other bodily substance is taken from that person for any reason, a portion of that sample sufficient for analysis shall be provided to a law enforcement officer if requested for law enforcement purposes. A person who fails to comply with this subsection is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor.
A person who collects blood, urine or any other bodily substance under this section or any hospital, laboratory or clinic employing or using the services of the person does not incur any civil liability as a result of this activity if requested by a law enforcement officer to collect blood, urine or other bodily substances unless the person, while performing the activity, acts with gross negligence.
A statement by the defendant that the defendant was driving a vehicle that was involved in an accident resulting in injury to or death of any person is admissible in any criminal proceeding without further proof of corpus delicti if it is otherwise admissible.

DUI Drivers License

28-1385. Administrative license suspension for driving under the influence or for homicide or assault involving a motor vehicle; report; hearing; summary review; ignition interlock device requirement

A law enforcement officer shall forward to the department a certified report as prescribed in subsection B of this section, subject to the penalty for perjury prescribed by section 28-1561, if both of the following occur:
1. The officer arrests a person for a violation of section 4-244, paragraph 33, section 28-1381, section 28-1382 or section 28-1383 or for a violation of title 13, chapter 11 or section 13-1201 or 13-1204 involving a motor vehicle.
2. The person submits to a blood or breath alcohol test permitted by section 28-1321 or any other law or a sample of blood is obtained pursuant to section 28-1388 and the results are either not available or the results indicate either of the following:
1. 0.08 or more alcohol concentration in the person’s blood or breath.
2. 0.04 or more alcohol concentration in the person’s blood or breath if the person was driving or in actual physical control of a commercial motor vehicle.
The officer shall make the certified report required by subsection A of this section on forms supplied or approved by the department. The report shall state information that is relevant to the enforcement action, including:
1. Information that adequately identifies the arrested person.
2. A statement of the officer’s grounds for belief that the person was driving or in actual physical control of a motor vehicle in violation of section 4-244, paragraph 33, section 28-1381, section 28-1382 or section 28-1383 or committed a violation of title 13, chapter 11 or section 13-1201 or 13-1204 involving a motor vehicle.
3. A statement that the person was arrested for a violation of section 4-244, paragraph 33, section 28-1381, section 28-1382 or section 28-1383 or for a violation of title 13, chapter 11 or section 13-1201 or 13-1204 involving a motor vehicle.
4. A report of the results of the blood or breath alcohol test that was administered, if the results are available.
The officer shall also serve an order of suspension on the person on behalf of the department. The order of suspension:
1. Is effective fifteen days after the date it is served.
2. Shall require the immediate surrender of any license or permit to drive that is issued by this state and that is in the possession or control of the person.
3. Shall contain information concerning the right to a summary review and hearing, including information concerning the hearing as required by section 28-1321, subsections G and H.
4. Shall be accompanied by printed forms ready to mail to the department that the person may fill out and sign to indicate the person’s desire for a hearing.
5. Shall be entered on the department’s records on receipt of the report by the officer and a copy of the order of suspension.
6. Shall inform the person that the person’s driving privilege, license, permit, right to apply for a license or permit or nonresident operating privilege may be issued or reinstated following the period of suspension only if the person completes alcohol or other drug screening.
7. Shall contain information on alcohol or other drug education and treatment programs that are provided by a facility approved by the department of health services.
If the blood alcohol concentration test result is unavailable at the time the test is administered, the result shall be forwarded to the department before the hearing held pursuant to this section in a form prescribed by the director.
If the license or permit is not surrendered pursuant to subsection C of this section, the officer shall state the reason for the nonsurrender. If a valid license or permit is surrendered, the officer shall issue a temporary driving permit that is valid for fifteen days. The officer shall forward a copy of the completed order of suspension, a copy of any completed temporary permit and any driver license or permit taken into possession under this section to the department within five days after the issuance of the order of suspension along with the report.
The department shall suspend the affected person’s license or permit to drive or right to apply for a license or permit or any nonresident operating privilege for not less than ninety consecutive days from that date. If the person is otherwise qualified, the department may reinstate the person’s driving privilege, license, permit, right to apply for a license or permit or nonresident operating privilege following the period of suspension only if the violator completes alcohol or other drug screening.
Notwithstanding subsections A through F of this section, the department shall suspend the driving privileges of the person described in subsection A of this section for not less than thirty consecutive days and shall restrict the driving privileges of the person for not less than sixty consecutive additional days to travel between the person’s place of employment and residence and during specified periods of time while at employment, to travel between the person’s place of residence and the person’s secondary or postsecondary school, according to the person’s employment or educational schedule, to travel between the person’s place of residence and the office of the person’s probation officer for scheduled appointments or to travel between the person’s place of residence and a screening, education or treatment facility for scheduled appointments if the person:
1. Did not cause a death or a serious physical injury as defined in section 13-105 to another person during the course of conduct out of which the current action arose.
2. Has not been convicted of a violation of section 4-244, paragraph 33, section 28-1381, section 28-1382 or section 28-1383 within eighty-four months of the date of commission of the acts out of which the current action arose. The dates of commission of the acts are the determining factor in applying the eighty-four month provision.
3. Has not had the person’s privilege to drive suspended pursuant to this section or section 28-1321 within eighty-four months of the date of commission of the acts out of which the current action arose.
4. Provides satisfactory evidence to the department of the person’s completion of alcohol or other drug screening that is ordered by the department. If the person does not complete alcohol or other drug screening, the department may impose a ninety day suspension pursuant to this section.
If the officer does not serve an order of suspension pursuant to subsection C of this section and if the department does not receive the report of the results of the blood or breath alcohol test pursuant to subsection B, paragraph 4 of this section, but subsequently receives the results and the results indicate 0.08 or more alcohol concentration in the person’s blood or breath, or a blood or breath alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more and the person was driving or in actual physical control of a commercial motor vehicle, the department shall notify the person named in the report in writing sent by mail that fifteen days after the date of issuance of the notice the department will suspend the person’s license or permit, driving privilege or nonresident driving privilege. The notice shall also state that the department will provide an opportunity for a hearing and administrative review if the person requests a hearing or review in writing and the request is received by the department within fifteen days after the notice is sent.
A timely request for a hearing stays the suspension until a hearing is held, except that the department shall not return any surrendered license or permit to the person but may issue temporary permits to drive that expire no later than when the department has made its final decision. If the person is a resident without a license or permit or has an expired license or permit, the department may allow the person to apply for a restricted license or permit. If the department determines the person is otherwise entitled to the restricted license or permit, the department shall issue, but retain, the license or permit, subject to this section. All hearings requested under this section shall be conducted in the same manner and under the same conditions as provided in section 28-3306.
For the purposes of this section, the scope of the hearing shall include only the following issues:
1. Whether the officer had reasonable grounds to believe the person was driving or was in actual physical control of a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor.
2. Whether the person was placed under arrest for a violation of section 4-244, paragraph 33, section 28-1381, section 28-1382 or section 28-1383 or for a violation of title 13, chapter 11 or section 13-1201 or 13-1204 involving a motor vehicle.
3. Whether a test was taken, the results of which indicated the alcohol concentration in the person’s blood or breath at the time the test was administered of either:
  1. 0.08 or more.
  2. 0.04 or more if the person was driving or in actual physical control of a commercial motor vehicle.
  3. Whether the testing method used was valid and reliable.
  4. Whether the test results were accurately evaluated.
4. The results of the blood or breath alcohol test shall be admitted on establishing the requirements in section 28-1323 or 28-1326.
5. If the department determines at the hearing to suspend the affected person’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle, the suspension provided in this section is effective fifteen days after giving written notice of the suspension, except that the department may issue or extend a temporary license that expires on the effective date of the suspension. If the person is a resident without a license or permit or has an expired license or permit to operate a motor vehicle in this state, the department shall deny the issuance of a license or permit to the person for not less than ninety consecutive days. The department may reinstate the person’s driving privilege, license, permit, right to apply for a license or permit or nonresident operating privilege following the period of suspension only if the violator completes alcohol or other drug screening.
6. A person may apply for a summary review of an order issued pursuant to this section instead of a hearing at any time before the effective date of the order. The person shall submit the application in writing to any department driver license examining office together with any written explanation as to why the department should not suspend the driving privilege. The agent of the department receiving the notice shall issue to the person an additional driving permit that expires twenty days from the date the request is received. The department shall review all reports submitted by the officer and any written explanation submitted by the person and shall determine if the order of suspension should be sustained or cancelled. The department shall not hold a hearing, and the review is not subject to title 41, chapter 6. The department shall notify the person of its decision before the temporary driving permit expires.
7. If the suspension or determination that there should be a denial of issuance is not sustained after a hearing or review, the ruling is not admissible in and does not have any effect on any civil or criminal court proceeding.
8. If it has been determined under the procedures of this section that a nonresident’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle in this state has been suspended, the department shall give information either in writing or by electronic means of the action taken to the motor vehicle administrator of the state of the person’s residence and of any state in which the person has a license.

DUI – DWI

28-1381. Driving or actual physical control while under the influence; trial by jury; presumptions; admissible evidence; sentencing; classification

1. While under the influence of intoxicating liquor, any drug, a vapor releasing substance containing a toxic substance or any combination of liquor, drugs or vapor releasing substances if the person is impaired to the slightest degree.
2. If the person has an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more within two hours of driving or being in actual physical control of the vehicle and the alcohol concentration results from alcohol consumed either before or while driving or being in actual physical control of the vehicle.
3. While there is any drug defined in section 13-3401 or its metabolite in the person’s body.
4. If the vehicle is a commercial motor vehicle that requires a person to obtain a commercial driver license as defined in section 28-3001 and the person has an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more.
It is not a defense to a charge of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section that the person is or has been entitled to use the drug under the laws of this state.
A person who is convicted of a violation of this section is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor.
A person using a drug prescribed by a medical practitioner licensed pursuant to title 32, chapter 7, 11, 13 or 17 is not guilty of violating subsection A, paragraph 3 of this section.
In any prosecution for a violation of this section, the state shall allege, for the purpose of classification and sentencing pursuant to this section, all prior convictions of violating this section, section 28-1382 or section 28-1383 occurring within the past thirty-six months, unless there is an insufficient legal or factual basis to do so.
At the arraignment, the court shall inform the defendant that the defendant may request a trial by jury and that the request, if made, shall be granted.
In a trial, action or proceeding for a violation of this section or section 28-1383 other than a trial, action or proceeding involving driving or being in actual physical control of a commercial vehicle, the defendant’s alcohol concentration within two hours of the time of driving or being in actual physical control as shown by analysis of the defendant’s blood, breath or other bodily substance gives rise to the following presumptions:
1. If there was at that time 0.05 or less alcohol concentration in the defendant’s blood, breath or other bodily substance, it may be presumed that the defendant was not under the influence of intoxicating liquor.
2. If there was at that time in excess of 0.05 but less than 0.08 alcohol concentration in the defendant’s blood, breath or other bodily substance, that fact shall not give rise to a presumption that the defendant was or was not under the influence of intoxicating liquor, but that fact may be considered with other competent evidence in determining the guilt or innocence of the defendant.
3. If there was at that time 0.08 or more alcohol concentration in the defendant’s blood, breath or other bodily substance, it may be presumed that the defendant was under the influence of intoxicating liquor.
Subsection G of this section does not limit the introduction of any other competent evidence bearing on the question of whether or not the defendant was under the influence of intoxicating liquor.
A person who is convicted of a violation of this section:
1. Shall be sentenced to serve not less than ten consecutive days in jail and is not eligible for probation or suspension of execution of sentence unless the entire sentence is served.
2. Shall pay a fine of not less than two hundred fifty dollars.
3. May be ordered by a court to perform community restitution.
4. Shall pay an additional assessment of five hundred dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the prison construction and operations fund established by section 41-1651. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer.
5. Shall pay an additional assessment of five hundred dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the public safety equipment fund established by section 41-1723. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer.
6. Shall be required by the department, on report of the conviction, to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device pursuant to section 28-3319. In addition, the court may order the person to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device for more than twelve months beginning on the date of reinstatement of the person’s driving privilege following a suspension or revocation or on the date of the department’s receipt of the report of conviction, whichever occurs later. The person who operates a motor vehicle with a certified ignition interlock device under this paragraph shall comply with article 5 of this chapter.
7. Notwithstanding subsection I, paragraph 1 of this section, at the time of sentencing the judge may suspend all but twenty-four consecutive hours of the sentence if the person completes a court ordered alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment program. If the person fails to complete the court ordered alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment program and has not been placed on probation, the court shall issue an order to show cause to the defendant as to why the remaining jail sentence should not be served.
8. If within a period of eighty-four months a person is convicted of a second violation of this section or is convicted of a violation of this section and has previously been convicted of a violation of section 28-1382 or 28-1383 or an act in another jurisdiction that if committed in this state would be a violation of this section or section 28-1382 or 28-1383, the person:
  1. Shall be sentenced to serve not less than ninety days in jail, thirty days of which shall be served consecutively, and is not eligible for probation or suspension of execution of sentence unless the entire sentence has been served.
  2. Shall pay a fine of not less than five hundred dollars.
  3. Shall be ordered by a court to perform at least thirty hours of community restitution.
  4. Shall have the person’s driving privilege revoked for one year. The court shall report the conviction to the department. On receipt of the report, the department shall revoke the person’s driving privilege and shall require the person to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device pursuant to section 28-3319. In addition, the court may order the person to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device for more than twelve months beginning on the date of reinstatement of the person’s driving privilege following a suspension or revocation or on the date of the department’s receipt of the report of conviction, whichever occurs later. The person who operates a motor vehicle with a certified ignition interlock device under this paragraph shall comply with article 5 of this chapter.
  5. Shall pay an additional assessment of one thousand two hundred fifty dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the prison construction and operations fund established by section 41-1651. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer.If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer.
  6. Shall pay an additional assessment of one thousand two hundred fifty dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the public safety equipment fund established by section 41-1723. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer.
  7. Notwithstanding subsection K, paragraph 1 of this section, at the time of sentencing, the judge may suspend all but thirty days of the sentence if the person completes a court ordered alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment program. If the person fails to complete the court ordered alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment program and has not been placed on probation, the court shall issue an order to show cause as to why the remaining jail sentence should not be served.
9. In applying the eighty-four month provision of subsection K of this section, the dates of the commission of the offense shall be the determining factor, irrespective of the sequence in which the offenses were committed.
10. A second violation for which a conviction occurs as provided in this section shall not include a conviction for an offense arising out of the same series of acts.

DUI Extreme

28-1382. Driving or actual physical control while under the extreme influence of intoxicating liquor; trial by jury; sentencing; classification

It is unlawful for a person to drive or be in actual physical control of a vehicle in this state if the person has an alcohol concentration as follows within two hours of driving or being in actual physical control of the vehicle and the alcohol concentration results from alcohol consumed either before or while driving or being in actual physical control of the vehicle: 1. 0.15 or more but less than 0.20. 2. 0.20 or more. B. A person who is convicted of a violation of this section is guilty of driving or being in actual physical control of a vehicle while under the extreme influence of intoxicating liquor. C. At the arraignment, the court shall inform the defendant that the defendant may request a trial by jury and that the request, if made, shall be granted. D. A person who is convicted of a violation of this section: 1. Shall be sentenced to serve not less than thirty consecutive days in jail and is not eligible for probation or suspension of execution of sentence unless the entire sentence is served if the person is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section. A person who is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section shall be sentenced to serve not less than forty-five consecutive days in jail and is not eligible for probation or suspension of execution of sentence unless the entire sentence is served. 2. Shall pay a fine of not less than two hundred fifty dollars, except that a person who is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section shall pay a fine of not less than five hundred dollars. The fine prescribed in this paragraph and any assessments, restitution and incarceration costs shall be paid before the assessment prescribed in paragraph 3 of this subsection. 3. Shall pay an additional assessment of two hundred fifty dollars. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the monies received pursuant to this paragraph to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the monies received pursuant to this paragraph to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer. The state treasurer shall deposit the monies received in the driving under the influence abatement fund established by section 28-1304. 4. May be ordered by a court to perform community restitution. 5. Shall be required by the department, on receipt of the report of conviction, to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device pursuant to section 28-3319. In addition, the court may order the person to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device for more than twelve months beginning on the date of reinstatement of the person’s driving privilege following a suspension or revocation or on the date of the department’s receipt of the report of conviction, whichever occurs later. The person who operates a motor vehicle with a certified ignition interlock device under this paragraph shall comply with article 5 of this chapter. 6. Shall pay an additional assessment of one thousand dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the prison construction and operations fund established by section 41-1651. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer. 7. Shall pay an additional assessment of one thousand dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the public safety equipment fund established by section 41-1723. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer. E. If within a period of eighty-four months a person is convicted of a second violation of this section or is convicted of a violation of this section and has previously been convicted of a violation of section 28-1381 or 28-1383 or an act in another jurisdiction that if committed in this state would be a violation of this section or section 28-1381 or 28-1383, the person: 1. Shall be sentenced to serve not less than one hundred twenty days in jail, sixty days of which shall be served consecutively, and is not eligible for probation or suspension of execution of sentence unless the entire sentence has been served if the person is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section. A person who is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section shall be sentenced to serve not less than one hundred eighty days in jail, ninety of which shall be served consecutively, and is not eligible for probation or suspension of execution of sentence unless the entire sentence has been served. 2. Shall pay a fine of not less than five hundred dollars, except that a person who is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section shall pay a fine of not less than one thousand dollars. The fine prescribed in this paragraph and any assessments, restitution and incarceration costs shall be paid before the assessment prescribed in paragraph 3 of this subsection. 3. Shall pay an additional assessment of two hundred fifty dollars. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the monies received pursuant to this paragraph to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the monies received pursuant to this paragraph to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer. The state treasurer shall deposit the monies received in the driving under the influence abatement fund established by section 28-1304. 4. Shall be ordered by a court to perform at least thirty hours of community restitution. 5. Shall have the person’s driving privilege revoked for at least one year. The court shall report the conviction to the department. On receipt of the report, the department shall revoke the person’s driving privilege and shall require the person to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device pursuant to section 28-3319. In addition, the court may order the person to equip any motor vehicle the person operates with a certified ignition interlock device for more than twelve months beginning on the date of reinstatement of the person’s driving privilege following a suspension or revocation or on the date of the department’s receipt of the report of conviction, whichever is later. The person who operates a motor vehicle with a certified ignition interlock device under this paragraph shall comply with article 5 of this chapter. 6. Shall pay an additional assessment of one thousand two hundred fifty dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the prison construction and operations fund established by section 41-1651. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer. 7. Shall pay an additional assessment of one thousand two hundred fifty dollars to be deposited by the state treasurer in the public safety equipment fund established by section 41-1723. This assessment is not subject to any surcharge. If the conviction occurred in the superior court or a justice court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the county treasurer. If the conviction occurred in a municipal court, the court shall transmit the assessed monies to the city treasurer. The city or county treasurer shall transmit the monies received to the state treasurer. F. In applying the eighty-four month provision of subsection E of this section, the dates of the commission of the offense shall be the determining factor, irrespective of the sequence in which the offenses were committed. G. A second violation for which a conviction occurs as provided in this section shall not include a conviction for an offense arising out of the same series of acts. H. A person who is convicted of a violation of this section is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor.

DUI Ignition Interlock

28-1401. Special ignition interlock restricted driver licenses; application fee
A person whose class D or class G license has been suspended or revoked for a first offense of section 28-1321 or section 28-1383, subsection A, paragraph 3, may apply to the department for a special ignition interlock restricted driver license that allows a person to operate a motor vehicle during the period of suspension or revocation subject to the restrictions prescribed in section 28-1402 and the certified ignition interlock device requirements prescribed in article 5 of this chapter if the person’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle has been suspended or revoked due to an alcohol related offense pursuant to either of the following: 1. Section 28-1321, if the person meets the criteria of section 28-1321, subsection P. 2. Section 28-1383, if the person meets the criteria of section 28-1383, subsection K and the person presents evidence that is satisfactory to the director that shows that the person has completed screening and treatment. B. An applicant for a special ignition interlock restricted driver license shall pay an application fee in an amount to be determined by the director. C. The department shall issue a special ignition interlock restricted driver license during the period of a court ordered restriction pursuant to sections 28-3320 and 28-3322 subject to the restrictions prescribed in section 28-1402 and the certified ignition interlock requirements prescribed in article 5 of this chapter. D. If the department issues a special ignition interlock restricted driver license, the department shall not delete a suspension or revocation from its records. E. The granting of a special ignition interlock restricted driver license does not reduce or eliminate the required use of an ignition interlock device pursuant to section 28-3319.

DUI Prior Convictions

28-1387. Prior convictions; alcohol or other drug screening, education and treatment; license suspension; supervised probation; civil liability; procedures
The court shall allow the allegation of a prior conviction or any other pending charge of a violation of section 28-1381, 28-1382 or 28-1383 or an act in another jurisdiction that if committed in this state would be a violation of section 28-1381, 28-1382 or 28-1383 filed twenty or more days before the date the case is actually tried and may allow the allegation of a prior conviction or any other pending charge of a violation of section 28-1381, 28-1382 or 28-1383 or an act in another jurisdiction that if committed in this state would be a violation of section 28-1381, 28-1382 or 28-1383 filed at any time before the date the case is actually tried if this state makes available to the defendant when the allegation is filed a copy of any information obtained concerning the prior conviction or other pending charge. Any conviction may be used to enhance another conviction irrespective of the dates on which the offenses occurred within the eighty-four month provision. For the purposes of this article, an order of a juvenile court adjudicating a person delinquent is equivalent to a conviction. B. In addition to any other penalties prescribed by law, the judge shall order a person who is convicted of a violation of section 28-1381, 28-1382 or 28-1383 to complete alcohol or other drug screening that is provided by a facility approved by the department of health services or a probation department. If a judge determines that the person requires further alcohol or other drug education or treatment, the person may be required pursuant to court order to obtain alcohol or other drug education or treatment under the court’s supervision from an approved facility. The judge may review an education or treatment determination at the request of the state, the defendant or the probation officer or on the judge’s initiative. The person shall pay the costs of the screening, education or treatment unless, after considering the person’s ability to pay all or part of the costs, the court waives all or part of the costs. If a person is referred to a screening, education or treatment facility, the facility shall report to the court whether the person has successfully completed the screening, education or treatment program. The court may accept evidence of a person’s completion of an alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment program pursuant to section 28-1445 as sufficient to meet the requirements of this section or section 28-1381, 28-1382 or 28-1383 or may order the person to complete additional alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment programs. If a person has previously been ordered to complete an alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment program pursuant to this section, the judge shall order the person to complete an alcohol or other drug screening, education or treatment program unless the court determines that alternative sanctions are more appropriate. C. After a person who is sentenced pursuant to section 28-1381, subsection I has served twenty-four consecutive hours in jail or after a person who is sentenced pursuant to section 28-1381, subsection K or section 28-1382, subsection D or E has served forty-eight consecutive hours in jail and after the court receives confirmation that the person is employed or is a student, the court may provide in the sentence that the defendant, if the defendant is employed or is a student and can continue the defendant’s employment or schooling, may continue the employment or schooling for not more than twelve hours a day nor more than five days a week. The person shall spend the remaining day, days or parts of days in jail until the sentence is served and shall be allowed out of jail only long enough to complete the actual hours of employment or schooling. D. Unless the license of a person convicted under section 28-1381 or 28-1382 has been or is suspended pursuant to section 28-1321 or 28-1385, the department on receipt of the abstract of conviction of a violation of section 28-1381 or 28-1382 shall suspend the license of the affected person for not less than ninety consecutive days. E. When the department receives notification that the person meets the criteria provided in section 28-1385, subsection G, the department shall suspend the driving privileges of the person for not less than thirty consecutive days and shall restrict the driving privileges of the person for not less than sixty consecutive additional days to travel between any of the following: 1. The person’s place of employment and residence and during specified periods of time while at employment. 2. The person’s place of residence and the person’s secondary or postsecondary school, according to the person’s employment or educational schedule. 3. The person’s place of residence and a screening, education or treatment facility for scheduled appointments. 4. The person’s place of residence and the office of the person’s probation officer for scheduled appointments. F. If a person is placed on probation for violating section 28-1381 or 28-1382, the probation shall be supervised unless the court finds that supervised probation is not necessary or the court does not have supervisory probation services. G. Any political subdivision processing or using the services of a person ordered to perform community restitution pursuant to section 28-1381 or 28-1382 does not incur any civil liability to the person ordered to perform community restitution as a result of these activities unless the political subdivision or its agent or employee acts with gross negligence. H. If a person fails to complete the community restitution ordered pursuant to section 28-1381, subsection K or section 28-1382, subsection E, the court may order alternative sanctions if the court determines that alternative sanctions are more appropriate. I. Except for another violation of this article, the state shall not dismiss a charge of violating any provision of this article unless there is an insufficient legal or factual basis to pursue that charge.

Endangerment

13-1201. Endangerment; classification
A. A person commits endangerment by recklessly endangering another person with a substantial risk of imminent death or physical injury. B. Endangerment involving a substantial risk of imminent death is a class 6 felony. In all other cases, it is a class 1 misdemeanor.

Escape

13-2503. Escape in the second degree; classification
A. A person commits escape in the second degree by knowingly: 1. Escaping or attempting to escape from a juvenile secure care facility, a juvenile detention facility or an adult correctional facility; or 2. Escaping or attempting to escape from custody imposed as a result of having been arrested for, charged with or found guilty of a felony; or 3. Escaping or attempting to escape from the Arizona state hospital if the person was committed to the hospital for treatment pursuant to section 8-291.09, 13-502, 13-3994, 13-4507, 13-4512 or 31-226, title 36, chapter 37 or rule 11 of the Arizona rules of criminal procedure. B. Escape in the second degree pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 1 or 2 of this section is a class 5 felony, and the sentence imposed for a violation of this section shall run consecutively to any sentence of imprisonment for which the person was confined or to any term of community supervision for the sentence including probation, parole, work furlough or any other release. Escape in the second degree pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 3 of this section is a class 2 misdemeanor.

False Reporting to Law Enforcement

13-2907.01. False reporting to law enforcement agencies; classification A. It is unlawful for a person to knowingly make to a law enforcement agency of either this state or a political subdivision of this state a false, fraudulent or unfounded report or statement or to knowingly misrepresent a fact for the purpose of interfering with the orderly operation of a law enforcement agency or misleading a peace officer. B. Violation of this section is a class 1 misdemeanor.
Harassment

13-2921. Harassment; classification; definition
A. A person commits harassment if, with intent to harass or with knowledge that the person is harassing another person, the person: 1. Anonymously or otherwise contacts, communicates or causes a communication with another person by verbal, electronic, mechanical, telegraphic, telephonic or written means in a manner that harasses. 2. Continues to follow another person in or about a public place for no legitimate purpose after being asked to desist. 3. Repeatedly commits an act or acts that harass another person. 4. Surveils or causes another person to surveil a person for no legitimate purpose. 5. On more than one occasion makes a false report to a law enforcement, credit or social service agency. 6. Interferes with the delivery of any public or regulated utility to a person. B. A person commits harassment against a public officer or employee if the person, with intent to harass, files a nonconsensual lien against any public officer or employee that is not accompanied by an order or a judgment from a court of competent jurisdiction authorizing the filing of the lien or is not issued by a governmental entity or political subdivision or agency pursuant to its statutory authority, a validly licensed utility or water delivery company, a mechanics’ lien claimant or an entity created under covenants, conditions, restrictions or declarations affecting real property. C. Harassment under subsection A is a class 1 misdemeanor. Harassment under subsection B is a class 5 felony. D. This section does not apply to an otherwise lawful demonstration, assembly or picketing. E. For the purposes of this section, “harassment” means conduct that is directed at a specific person and that would cause a reasonable person to be seriously alarmed, annoyed or harassed and the conduct in fact seriously alarms, annoys or harasses the person.

House of Prostitution

13-3208. Keeping or residing in house of prostitution; employment in prostitution; classification
A. A person who knowingly is an employee at a house of prostitution or prostitution enterprise is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor. B. A person who knowingly operates or maintains a house of prostitution or prostitution enterprise is guilty of a class 5 felony.

Indecent Exposure

13-1402. Indecent exposure; exception; classification
A. A person commits indecent exposure if he or she exposes his or her genitals or anus or she exposes the areola or nipple of her breast or breasts and another person is present, and the defendant is reckless about whether the other person, as a reasonable person, would be offended or alarmed by the act. B. Indecent exposure does not include an act of breast-feeding by a mother. C. Indecent exposure to a person who is fifteen or more years of age is a class 1 misdemeanor. Indecent exposure to a person who is under fifteen years of age is a class 6 felony.
Interfering with Judicial Proceedings

13-2810. Interfering with judicial proceedings; classification
A. A person commits interfering with judicial proceedings if such person knowingly: 1. Engages in disorderly, disrespectful or insolent behavior during the session of a court which directly tends to interrupt its proceedings or impairs the respect due to its authority; or 2. Disobeys or resists the lawful order, process or other mandate of a court; or 3. Refuses to be sworn or affirmed as a witness in any court proceeding; or 4. Publishes a false or grossly inaccurate report of a court proceeding; or 5. Refuses to serve as a juror unless exempted by law; or 6. Fails inexcusably to attend a trial at which he has been chosen to serve as a juror. B. Interfering with judicial proceedings is a class 1 misdemeanor.

Misconduct Involving Weapons

13-3102. Misconduct involving weapons; defenses; classification; definitions
A. A person commits misconduct involving weapons by knowingly: 1. Carrying a deadly weapon without a permit pursuant to section 13-3112 except a pocket knife concealed on his person; or 2. Carrying a deadly weapon without a permit pursuant to section 13-3112 concealed within immediate control of any person in or on a means of transportation; or 3. Manufacturing, possessing, transporting, selling or transferring a prohibited weapon, except that if the violation involves dry ice, a person commits misconduct involving weapons by knowingly possessing the dry ice with the intent to cause injury to or death of another person or to cause damage to the property of another person; or 4. Possessing a deadly weapon or prohibited weapon if such person is a prohibited possessor; or 5. Selling or transferring a deadly weapon to a prohibited possessor; or 6. Defacing a deadly weapon; or 7. Possessing a defaced deadly weapon knowing the deadly weapon was defaced; or 8. Using or possessing a deadly weapon during the commission of any felony offense included in chapter 34 of this title; or 9. Discharging a firearm at an occupied structure in order to assist, promote or further the interests of a criminal street gang, a criminal syndicate or a racketeering enterprise; or 10. Unless specifically authorized by law, entering any public establishment or attending any public event and carrying a deadly weapon on his person after a reasonable request by the operator of the establishment or the sponsor of the event or the sponsor’s agent to remove his weapon and place it in the custody of the operator of the establishment or the sponsor of the event for temporary and secure storage of the weapon pursuant to section 13-3102.01; or 11. Unless specifically authorized by law, entering an election polling place on the day of any election carrying a deadly weapon; or 12. Possessing a deadly weapon on school grounds; or 13. Unless specifically authorized by law, entering a nuclear or hydroelectric generating station carrying a deadly weapon on his person or within the immediate control of any person; or 14. Supplying, selling or giving possession or control of a firearm to another person if the person knows or has reason to know that the other person would use the firearm in the commission of any felony; or 15. Using, possessing or exercising control over a deadly weapon in furtherance of any act of terrorism as defined in section 13-2301 or possessing or exercising control over a deadly weapon knowing or having reason to know that it will be used to facilitate any act of terrorism as defined in section 13-2301. B. Subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section shall not apply to a person in his dwelling, on his business premises or on real property owned or leased by that person. C. Subsection A, paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of this section shall not apply to: 1. A peace officer or any person summoned by any peace officer to assist and while actually assisting in the performance of official duties; or 2. A member of the military forces of the United States or of any state of the United States in the performance of official duties; or 3. A warden, deputy warden or correctional officer of the state department of corrections; or 4. A person specifically licensed, authorized or permitted pursuant to a statute of this state or of the United States. D. Subsection A, paragraphs 3 and 7 of this section shall not apply to: 1. The possessing, transporting, selling or transferring of weapons by a museum as a part of its collection or an educational institution for educational purposes or by an authorized employee of such museum or institution, if: (a) Such museum or institution is operated by the United States or this state or a political subdivision of this state, or by an organization described in 26 United States Code section 170(c) as a recipient of a charitable contribution; and (b) Reasonable precautions are taken with respect to theft or misuse of such material. 2. The regular and lawful transporting as merchandise; or 3. Acquisition by a person by operation of law such as by gift, devise or descent or in a fiduciary capacity as a recipient of the property or former property of an insolvent, incapacitated or deceased person. E. Subsection A, paragraph 3 of this section shall not apply to the merchandise of an authorized manufacturer of or dealer in prohibited weapons, when such material is intended to be manufactured, possessed, transported, sold or transferred solely for or to a dealer, a regularly constituted or appointed state, county or municipal police department or police officer, a detention facility, the military service of this or another state or the United States, a museum or educational institution or a person specifically licensed or permitted pursuant to federal or state law. F. Subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section shall not apply to a weapon or weapons carried in a belt holster that is wholly or partially visible, or carried in a scabbard or case designed for carrying weapons that is wholly or partially visible or carried in luggage. Subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section shall not apply to a weapon or weapons carried in a case, holster, scabbard, pack or luggage that is carried within a means of transportation or within a storage compartment, map pocket, trunk or glove compartment of a means of transportation. G. Subsection A, paragraph 10 of this section shall not apply to shooting ranges or shooting events, hunting areas or similar locations or activities. H. Subsection A, paragraph 3 of this section shall not apply to a weapon described in section 13-3101, subsection A, paragraph 8, subdivision (a), item (v), if such weapon is possessed for the purposes of preparing for, conducting or participating in lawful exhibitions, demonstrations, contests or athletic events involving the use of such weapon. Subsection A, paragraph 12 of this section shall not apply to a weapon if such weapon is possessed for the purposes of preparing for, conducting or participating in hunter or firearm safety courses. I. Subsection A, paragraph 12 of this section shall not apply to the possession of a: 1. Firearm that is not loaded and that is carried within a means of transportation under the control of an adult provided that if the adult leaves the means of transportation the firearm shall not be visible from the outside of the means of transportation and the means of transportation shall be locked. 2. Firearm for use on the school grounds in a program approved by a school. J. The operator of the establishment or the sponsor of the event or the employee of the operator or sponsor or the agent of the sponsor, including a public entity or public employee, is not liable for acts or omissions pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 10 of this section unless the operator, sponsor, employee or agent intended to cause injury or was grossly negligent. K. Misconduct involving weapons under subsection A, paragraph 9, 14 or 15 of this section is a class 3 felony. Misconduct involving weapons under subsection A, paragraph 3, 4, 8 or 13 of this section is a class 4 felony. Misconduct involving weapons under subsection A, paragraph 12 of this section is a class 1 misdemeanor unless the violation occurs in connection with conduct that violates section 13-2308, subsection A, paragraph 5, section 13-2312, subsection C, section 13-3409 or section 13-3411, in which case the offense is a class 6 felony. Misconduct involving weapons under subsection A, paragraph 5, 6 or 7 of this section is a class 6 felony. Misconduct involving weapons under subsection A, paragraph 1, 2, 10 or 11 of this section is a class 1 misdemeanor. L. For the purposes of this section: 1. “Public establishment” means a structure, vehicle or craft that is owned, leased or operated by this state or a political subdivision of this state. 2. “Public event” means a specifically named or sponsored event of limited duration that is either conducted by a public entity or conducted by a private entity with a permit or license granted by a public entity. Public event does not include an unsponsored gathering of people in a public place. 3. “School” means a public or nonpublic kindergarten program, common school or high school. 4. “School grounds” means in, or on the grounds of, a school.

Order of Protection

13-3602. Order of protection; procedure; contents; arrest for violation; penalty; protection order from another jurisdiction
A. A person may file a verified petition, as in civil actions, with a magistrate, justice of the peace or superior court judge for an order of protection for the purpose of restraining a person from committing an act included in domestic violence. If the person is a minor, the parent, legal guardian or person who has legal custody of the minor shall file the petition unless the court determines otherwise. The petition shall name the parent, guardian or custodian as the plaintiff and the minor is a specifically designated person for the purposes of subsection G of this section. If a person is either temporarily or permanently unable to request an order, a third party may request an order of protection on behalf of the plaintiff. After the request, the judicial officer shall determine if the third party is an appropriate requesting party for the plaintiff. For the purposes of this section, notwithstanding the location of the plaintiff or defendant, any court in this state may issue or enforce an order of protection. B. An order of protection shall not be granted: 1. Unless the party who requests the order files a written verified petition for an order. 2. Against a person who is less than twelve years of age unless the order is granted by the juvenile division of the superior court. 3. Against more than one defendant. C. The petition shall state the: 1. Name of the plaintiff. The plaintiff’s address shall be disclosed to the court for purposes of service. If the address of the plaintiff is unknown to the defendant, the plaintiff may request that the address be protected. On the plaintiff’s request, the address shall not be listed on the petition. Whether the court issues an order of protection, the protected address shall be maintained in a separate document or automated database and is not subject to release or disclosure by the court or any form of public access except as ordered by the court. 2. Name and address, if known, of the defendant. 3. Specific statement, including dates, of the domestic violence alleged. 4. Relationship between the parties pursuant to section 13-3601, subsection A and whether there is pending between the parties an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage. 5. Name of the court in which any prior or pending proceeding or order was sought or issued concerning the conduct that is sought to be restrained. 6. Desired relief. D. A fee shall not be charged for filing a petition under this section or for service of process. On request of the plaintiff, each order of protection that is issued by a municipal court shall be served by the police agency for that city if the defendant can be served within the city. If the defendant cannot be served within the city, the police agency in the city in which the defendant can be served shall serve the order. If the order cannot be served within a city, the sheriff shall serve the order. On request of the plaintiff, each order of protection that is issued by a justice of the peace shall be served by the constable or sheriff for that jurisdiction if the defendant can be served within the jurisdiction. If the defendant cannot be served within that jurisdiction, the constable or sheriff in the jurisdiction in which the defendant can be served shall serve the order. On request of the plaintiff, each order of protection that is issued by a superior court judge or commissioner shall be served by the sheriff of the county. If the defendant cannot be served within that jurisdiction, the sheriff in the jurisdiction in which the defendant can be served shall serve the order. Each court shall provide, without charge, forms for purposes of this section for assisting parties without counsel. The court shall make reasonable efforts to provide to both parties an appropriate information sheet on emergency and counseling services that are available in the local area. E. The court shall review the petition, any other pleadings on file and any evidence offered by the plaintiff, including any evidence of harassment by electronic contact or communication, to determine whether the orders requested should issue without further hearing. The court shall issue an order of protection under subsection G of this section if the court determines that there is reasonable cause to believe any of the following: 1. The defendant may commit an act of domestic violence. 2. The defendant has committed an act of domestic violence within the past year or within a longer period of time if the court finds that good cause exists to consider a longer period. F. For purposes of determining the period of time under subsection E, paragraph 2 of this section, any time that the defendant has been incarcerated or out of this state shall not be counted. If the court denies the requested relief, it may schedule a further hearing within ten days, with reasonable notice to the defendant. G. If a court issues an order of protection, the court may do any of the following: 1. Enjoin the defendant from committing a violation of one or more of the offenses included in domestic violence. 2. Grant one party the use and exclusive possession of the parties’ residence on a showing that there is reasonable cause to believe that physical harm may otherwise result. If the other party is accompanied by a law enforcement officer, the other party may return to the residence on one occasion to retrieve belongings. A law enforcement officer is not liable for any act or omission in the good faith exercise of the officer’s duties under this paragraph. 3. Restrain the defendant from contacting the plaintiff or other specifically designated persons and from coming near the residence, place of employment or school of the plaintiff or other specifically designated locations or persons on a showing that there is reasonable cause to believe that physical harm may otherwise result. 4. If the court finds that the defendant is a credible threat to the physical safety of the plaintiff or other specifically designated persons, prohibit the defendant from possessing or purchasing a firearm for the duration of the order. If the court prohibits the defendant from possessing a firearm, the court shall also order the defendant to transfer any firearm owned or possessed by the defendant immediately after service of the order to the appropriate law enforcement agency for the duration of the order. If the defendant does not immediately transfer the firearm, the defendant shall transfer the firearm within twenty-four hours after service of the order. 5. If the order was issued after notice and a hearing at which the defendant had an opportunity to participate, require the defendant to complete a domestic violence offender treatment program that is provided by a facility approved by the department of health services or a probation department or any other program deemed appropriate by the court. 6. Grant relief that is necessary for the protection of the alleged victim and other specifically designated persons and that is proper under the circumstances. H. The court shall not grant a mutual order of protection. If opposing parties separately file verified petitions for an order of protection, the courts after consultation between the judges involved may consolidate the petitions of the opposing parties for hearing. This does not prohibit a court from issuing cross orders of protection. I. At any time during the period during which the order is in effect, a party who is under an order of protection or who is restrained from contacting the other party is entitled to one hearing on written request. No fee may be charged for requesting a hearing. A hearing that is requested by a party who is under an order of protection or who is restrained from contacting the other party shall be held within ten days from the date requested unless the court finds good cause to continue the hearing. If exclusive use of the home is awarded, the hearing shall be held within five days from the date requested. The hearing shall be held at the earliest possible time. An ex parte order that is issued under this section shall state on its face that the defendant is entitled to a hearing on written request and shall include the name and address of the judicial office where the request may be filed. After the hearing, the court may modify, quash or continue the order. J. Through December 31, 2007, the order shall include the following statement: Warning This is an official court order. If you disobey this order, you may be arrested and prosecuted for the crime of interfering with judicial proceedings and any other crime you may have committed in disobeying this order. K. Beginning January 1, 2008, the order shall include the following statement: Warning This is an official court order. If you disobey this order, you will be subject to arrest and prosecution for the crime of interfering with judicial proceedings and any other crime you may have committed in disobeying this order. L. A copy of the petition and the order shall be served on the defendant within one year from the date the order is signed. An order of protection that is not served on the defendant within one year expires. An order is effective on the defendant on service of a copy of the order and petition. An order expires one year after service on the defendant. A modified order is effective on service and expires one year after service of the initial order and petition. M. Each affidavit, acceptance or return of service shall be promptly filed with the clerk of the issuing court. This filing shall be completed in person, shall be made by fax or shall be postmarked, if sent by mail, no later than the end of the seventh court business day after the date of service. If the filing is made by fax, the original affidavit, acceptance or return of service shall be promptly filed with the court. Within twenty-four hours after the affidavit, acceptance or return of service has been filed, excluding weekends and holidays, the court from which the order or any modified order was issued shall forward to the sheriff of the county in which the court is located a copy of the order of protection and a copy of the affidavit or certificate of service of process or acceptance of service. On receiving these copies, the sheriff shall register the order. Registration of an order means that a copy of the order of protection and a copy of the affidavit or acceptance of service have been received by the sheriff’s office. The sheriff shall maintain a central repository for orders of protection so that the existence and validity of the orders can be easily verified. The effectiveness of an order does not depend on its registration, and for enforcement purposes pursuant to section 13-2810, a copy of an order of the court, whether or not registered, is presumed to be a valid existing order of the court for a period of one year from the date of service of the order on the defendant. N. A peace officer, with or without a warrant, may arrest a person if the peace officer has probable cause to believe that the person has violated section 13-2810 by disobeying or resisting an order that is issued in any jurisdiction in this state pursuant to this section, whether or not such violation occurred in the presence of the officer. Criminal violations of an order issued pursuant to this section shall be referred to an appropriate law enforcement agency. The law enforcement agency shall request that a prosecutorial agency file the appropriate charges. A violation of an order of protection shall not be adjudicated by a municipal or justice court unless a complaint has been filed or other legal process has been requested by the prosecuting agency. The provisions for release under section 13-3883, subsection A, paragraph 4 and section 13-3903 do not apply to an arrest made pursuant to this section. For the purposes of this section, any court in this state has jurisdiction to enforce a valid order of protection that is issued in this state and that has been violated in any jurisdiction in this state. O. A person who is arrested pursuant to subsection N of this section may be released from custody in accordance with the Arizona rules of criminal procedure or any other applicable statute. An order for release, with or without an appearance bond, shall include pretrial release conditions that are necessary to provide for the protection of the alleged victim and other specifically designated persons and may provide for any other additional conditions that the court deems appropriate, including participation in any counseling programs available to the defendant. The agency with custody of the defendant shall make reasonable efforts to contact the victim and other specifically designated persons in the order of protection, if known to the custodial agency, who requested notification immediately on release of the arrested person from custody. P. The remedies provided in this section for enforcement of the orders of the court are in addition to any other civil and criminal remedies available. The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdiction to issue orders of protection in all cases if it appears from the petition that an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage is pending between the parties. A municipal court or justice court shall not issue an order of protection if it appears from the petition that an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage is pending between the parties. After issuance of an order of protection, if the municipal court or justice court determines that an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage is pending between the parties, the municipal court or justice court shall stop further proceedings in the action and forward all papers, together with a certified copy of docket entries or any other record in the action, to the superior court where they shall be docketed in the pending superior court action and shall proceed as though the petition for an order of protection had been originally brought in the superior court. Notwithstanding any other law and unless prohibited by an order of the superior court, a municipal court or justice court may hold a hearing on all matters relating to its ex parte order of protection if the hearing was requested before receiving written notice of the pending superior court action. No order of protection shall be invalid or determined to be ineffective merely because it was issued by a lower court at a time when an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage was pending in a higher court. After a hearing with notice to the affected party, the court may enter an order requiring any party to pay the costs of the action, including reasonable attorney fees, if any. An order that is entered by a justice court or municipal court after a hearing pursuant to this section may be appealed to the superior court as provided in title 22, chapter 2, article 4, section 22-425, subsection B and the superior court rules of civil appellate procedure without regard to an amount in controversy. No fee may be charged to either party for filing an appeal. For the purposes of this subsection, “pending” means, with respect to an action for annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage or for maternity or paternity, either that: 1. An action has been commenced but a final judgment, decree or order has not been entered. 2. A post-decree proceeding has been commenced but a judgment, decree or order finally determining the proceeding has not been entered. Q. A peace officer who makes an arrest pursuant to this section or section 13-3601 is not civilly or criminally liable for the arrest if the officer acts on probable cause and without malice. R. In addition to persons authorized to serve process pursuant to rule 4(d) of the Arizona rules of civil procedure, a peace officer or a correctional officer as defined in section 41-1661 who is acting in the officer’s official capacity may serve an order of protection that is issued pursuant to this section. Service of the order of protection has priority over other service of process that does not involve an immediate threat to the safety of a person. S. A valid protection order that is related to domestic or family violence and that is issued by a court in another state, a court of a United States territory or a tribal court shall be accorded full faith and credit and shall be enforced as if it were issued in this state for as long as the order is effective in the issuing jurisdiction. For the purposes of this subsection: 1. A protection order includes any injunction or other order that is issued for the purpose of preventing violent or threatening acts or harassment against, contact or communication with or physical proximity to another person. A protection order includes temporary and final orders other than support or child custody orders that are issued by civil and criminal courts if the order is obtained by the filing of an independent action or is a pendente lite order in another proceeding. The civil order shall be issued in response to a complaint, petition or motion that was filed by or on behalf of a person seeking protection. 2. A protection order is valid if the issuing court had jurisdiction over the parties and the matter under the laws of the issuing state, a United States territory or an Indian tribe and the person against whom the order was issued had reasonable notice and an opportunity to be heard. If the order is issued ex parte, the notice and opportunity to be heard shall be provided within the time required by the laws of the issuing state, a United States territory or an Indian tribe and within a reasonable time after the order was issued. 3. A mutual protection order that is issued against both the party who filed a petition or a complaint or otherwise filed a written pleading for protection against abuse and the person against whom the filing was made is not entitled to full faith and credit if either: (a) The person against whom an initial order was sought has not filed a cross or counter petition or other written pleading seeking a protection order. (b) The issuing court failed to make specific findings supporting the entitlement of both parties to be granted a protection order. 4. A peace officer may presume the validity of and rely on a copy of a protection order that is issued by another state, a United States territory or an Indian tribe if the order was given to the officer by any source. A peace officer may also rely on the statement of any person who is protected by the order that the order remains in effect. A peace officer who acts in good faith reliance on a protection order is not civilly or criminally liable for enforcing the protection order pursuant to this section.

Order of Protection

13-3602. Order of protection; procedure; contents; arrest for violation; penalty; protection order from another jurisdiction

A. A person may file a verified petition, as in civil actions, with a magistrate, justice of the peace or superior court judge for an order of protection for the purpose of restraining a person from committing an act included in domestic violence. If the person is a minor, the parent, legal guardian or person who has legal custody of the minor shall file the petition unless the court determines otherwise. The petition shall name the parent, guardian or custodian as the plaintiff and the minor is a specifically designated person for the purposes of subsection G of this section. If a person is either temporarily or permanently unable to request an order, a third party may request an order of protection on behalf of the plaintiff. After the request, the judicial officer shall determine if the third party is an appropriate requesting party for the plaintiff. For the purposes of this section, notwithstanding the location of the plaintiff or defendant, any court in this state may issue or enforce an order of protection. B. An order of protection shall not be granted: 1. Unless the party who requests the order files a written verified petition for an order. 2. Against a person who is less than twelve years of age unless the order is granted by the juvenile division of the superior court. 3. Against more than one defendant. C. The petition shall state the: 1. Name of the plaintiff. The plaintiff’s address shall be disclosed to the court for purposes of service. If the address of the plaintiff is unknown to the defendant, the plaintiff may request that the address be protected. On the plaintiff’s request, the address shall not be listed on the petition. Whether the court issues an order of protection, the protected address shall be maintained in a separate document or automated database and is not subject to release or disclosure by the court or any form of public access except as ordered by the court. 2. Name and address, if known, of the defendant. 3. Specific statement, including dates, of the domestic violence alleged. 4. Relationship between the parties pursuant to section 13-3601, subsection A and whether there is pending between the parties an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage. 5. Name of the court in which any prior or pending proceeding or order was sought or issued concerning the conduct that is sought to be restrained. 6. Desired relief. D. A fee shall not be charged for filing a petition under this section or for service of process. On request of the plaintiff, each order of protection that is issued by a municipal court shall be served by the police agency for that city if the defendant can be served within the city. If the defendant cannot be served within the city, the police agency in the city in which the defendant can be served shall serve the order. If the order cannot be served within a city, the sheriff shall serve the order. On request of the plaintiff, each order of protection that is issued by a justice of the peace shall be served by the constable or sheriff for that jurisdiction if the defendant can be served within the jurisdiction. If the defendant cannot be served within that jurisdiction, the constable or sheriff in the jurisdiction in which the defendant can be served shall serve the order. On request of the plaintiff, each order of protection that is issued by a superior court judge or commissioner shall be served by the sheriff of the county. If the defendant cannot be served within that jurisdiction, the sheriff in the jurisdiction in which the defendant can be served shall serve the order. Each court shall provide, without charge, forms for purposes of this section for assisting parties without counsel. The court shall make reasonable efforts to provide to both parties an appropriate information sheet on emergency and counseling services that are available in the local area. E. The court shall review the petition, any other pleadings on file and any evidence offered by the plaintiff, including any evidence of harassment by electronic contact or communication, to determine whether the orders requested should issue without further hearing. The court shall issue an order of protection under subsection G of this section if the court determines that there is reasonable cause to believe any of the following: 1. The defendant may commit an act of domestic violence. 2. The defendant has committed an act of domestic violence within the past year or within a longer period of time if the court finds that good cause exists to consider a longer period. F. For purposes of determining the period of time under subsection E, paragraph 2 of this section, any time that the defendant has been incarcerated or out of this state shall not be counted. If the court denies the requested relief, it may schedule a further hearing within ten days, with reasonable notice to the defendant. G. If a court issues an order of protection, the court may do any of the following: 1. Enjoin the defendant from committing a violation of one or more of the offenses included in domestic violence. 2. Grant one party the use and exclusive possession of the parties’ residence on a showing that there is reasonable cause to believe that physical harm may otherwise result. If the other party is accompanied by a law enforcement officer, the other party may return to the residence on one occasion to retrieve belongings. A law enforcement officer is not liable for any act or omission in the good faith exercise of the officer’s duties under this paragraph. 3. Restrain the defendant from contacting the plaintiff or other specifically designated persons and from coming near the residence, place of employment or school of the plaintiff or other specifically designated locations or persons on a showing that there is reasonable cause to believe that physical harm may otherwise result. 4. If the court finds that the defendant is a credible threat to the physical safety of the plaintiff or other specifically designated persons, prohibit the defendant from possessing or purchasing a firearm for the duration of the order. If the court prohibits the defendant from possessing a firearm, the court shall also order the defendant to transfer any firearm owned or possessed by the defendant immediately after service of the order to the appropriate law enforcement agency for the duration of the order. If the defendant does not immediately transfer the firearm, the defendant shall transfer the firearm within twenty-four hours after service of the order. 5. If the order was issued after notice and a hearing at which the defendant had an opportunity to participate, require the defendant to complete a domestic violence offender treatment program that is provided by a facility approved by the department of health services or a probation department or any other program deemed appropriate by the court. 6. Grant relief that is necessary for the protection of the alleged victim and other specifically designated persons and that is proper under the circumstances. H. The court shall not grant a mutual order of protection. If opposing parties separately file verified petitions for an order of protection, the courts after consultation between the judges involved may consolidate the petitions of the opposing parties for hearing. This does not prohibit a court from issuing cross orders of protection. I. At any time during the period during which the order is in effect, a party who is under an order of protection or who is restrained from contacting the other party is entitled to one hearing on written request. No fee may be charged for requesting a hearing. A hearing that is requested by a party who is under an order of protection or who is restrained from contacting the other party shall be held within ten days from the date requested unless the court finds good cause to continue the hearing. If exclusive use of the home is awarded, the hearing shall be held within five days from the date requested. The hearing shall be held at the earliest possible time. An ex parte order that is issued under this section shall state on its face that the defendant is entitled to a hearing on written request and shall include the name and address of the judicial office where the request may be filed. After the hearing, the court may modify, quash or continue the order. J. Through December 31, 2007, the order shall include the following statement: Warning This is an official court order. If you disobey this order, you may be arrested and prosecuted for the crime of interfering with judicial proceedings and any other crime you may have committed in disobeying this order. K. Beginning January 1, 2008, the order shall include the following statement: Warning This is an official court order. If you disobey this order, you will be subject to arrest and prosecution for the crime of interfering with judicial proceedings and any other crime you may have committed in disobeying this order. L. A copy of the petition and the order shall be served on the defendant within one year from the date the order is signed. An order of protection that is not served on the defendant within one year expires. An order is effective on the defendant on service of a copy of the order and petition. An order expires one year after service on the defendant. A modified order is effective on service and expires one year after service of the initial order and petition. M. Each affidavit, acceptance or return of service shall be promptly filed with the clerk of the issuing court. This filing shall be completed in person, shall be made by fax or shall be postmarked, if sent by mail, no later than the end of the seventh court business day after the date of service. If the filing is made by fax, the original affidavit, acceptance or return of service shall be promptly filed with the court. Within twenty-four hours after the affidavit, acceptance or return of service has been filed, excluding weekends and holidays, the court from which the order or any modified order was issued shall forward to the sheriff of the county in which the court is located a copy of the order of protection and a copy of the affidavit or certificate of service of process or acceptance of service. On receiving these copies, the sheriff shall register the order. Registration of an order means that a copy of the order of protection and a copy of the affidavit or acceptance of service have been received by the sheriff’s office. The sheriff shall maintain a central repository for orders of protection so that the existence and validity of the orders can be easily verified. The effectiveness of an order does not depend on its registration, and for enforcement purposes pursuant to section 13-2810, a copy of an order of the court, whether or not registered, is presumed to be a valid existing order of the court for a period of one year from the date of service of the order on the defendant. N. A peace officer, with or without a warrant, may arrest a person if the peace officer has probable cause to believe that the person has violated section 13-2810 by disobeying or resisting an order that is issued in any jurisdiction in this state pursuant to this section, whether or not such violation occurred in the presence of the officer. Criminal violations of an order issued pursuant to this section shall be referred to an appropriate law enforcement agency. The law enforcement agency shall request that a prosecutorial agency file the appropriate charges. A violation of an order of protection shall not be adjudicated by a municipal or justice court unless a complaint has been filed or other legal process has been requested by the prosecuting agency. The provisions for release under section 13-3883, subsection A, paragraph 4 and section 13-3903 do not apply to an arrest made pursuant to this section. For the purposes of this section, any court in this state has jurisdiction to enforce a valid order of protection that is issued in this state and that has been violated in any jurisdiction in this state. O. A person who is arrested pursuant to subsection N of this section may be released from custody in accordance with the Arizona rules of criminal procedure or any other applicable statute. An order for release, with or without an appearance bond, shall include pretrial release conditions that are necessary to provide for the protection of the alleged victim and other specifically designated persons and may provide for any other additional conditions that the court deems appropriate, including participation in any counseling programs available to the defendant. The agency with custody of the defendant shall make reasonable efforts to contact the victim and other specifically designated persons in the order of protection, if known to the custodial agency, who requested notification immediately on release of the arrested person from custody. P. The remedies provided in this section for enforcement of the orders of the court are in addition to any other civil and criminal remedies available. The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdiction to issue orders of protection in all cases if it appears from the petition that an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage is pending between the parties. A municipal court or justice court shall not issue an order of protection if it appears from the petition that an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage is pending between the parties. After issuance of an order of protection, if the municipal court or justice court determines that an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage is pending between the parties, the municipal court or justice court shall stop further proceedings in the action and forward all papers, together with a certified copy of docket entries or any other record in the action, to the superior court where they shall be docketed in the pending superior court action and shall proceed as though the petition for an order of protection had been originally brought in the superior court. Notwithstanding any other law and unless prohibited by an order of the superior court, a municipal court or justice court may hold a hearing on all matters relating to its ex parte order of protection if the hearing was requested before receiving written notice of the pending superior court action. No order of protection shall be invalid or determined to be ineffective merely because it was issued by a lower court at a time when an action for maternity or paternity, annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage was pending in a higher court. After a hearing with notice to the affected party, the court may enter an order requiring any party to pay the costs of the action, including reasonable attorney fees, if any. An order that is entered by a justice court or municipal court after a hearing pursuant to this section may be appealed to the superior court as provided in title 22, chapter 2, article 4, section 22-425, subsection B and the superior court rules of civil appellate procedure without regard to an amount in controversy. No fee may be charged to either party for filing an appeal. For the purposes of this subsection, “pending” means, with respect to an action for annulment, legal separation or dissolution of marriage or for maternity or paternity, either that: 1. An action has been commenced but a final judgment, decree or order has not been entered. 2. A post-decree proceeding has been commenced but a judgment, decree or order finally determining the proceeding has not been entered. Q. A peace officer who makes an arrest pursuant to this section or section 13-3601 is not civilly or criminally liable for the arrest if the officer acts on probable cause and without malice. R. In addition to persons authorized to serve process pursuant to rule 4(d) of the Arizona rules of civil procedure, a peace officer or a correctional officer as defined in section 41-1661 who is acting in the officer’s official capacity may serve an order of protection that is issued pursuant to this section. Service of the order of protection has priority over other service of process that does not involve an immediate threat to the safety of a person. S. A valid protection order that is related to domestic or family violence and that is issued by a court in another state, a court of a United States territory or a tribal court shall be accorded full faith and credit and shall be enforced as if it were issued in this state for as long as the order is effective in the issuing jurisdiction. For the purposes of this subsection: 1. A protection order includes any injunction or other order that is issued for the purpose of preventing violent or threatening acts or harassment against, contact or communication with or physical proximity to another person. A protection order includes temporary and final orders other than support or child custody orders that are issued by civil and criminal courts if the order is obtained by the filing of an independent action or is a pendente lite order in another proceeding. The civil order shall be issued in response to a complaint, petition or motion that was filed by or on behalf of a person seeking protection. 2. A protection order is valid if the issuing court had jurisdiction over the parties and the matter under the laws of the issuing state, a United States territory or an Indian tribe and the person against whom the order was issued had reasonable notice and an opportunity to be heard. If the order is issued ex parte, the notice and opportunity to be heard shall be provided within the time required by the laws of the issuing state, a United States territory or an Indian tribe and within a reasonable time after the order was issued. 3. A mutual protection order that is issued against both the party who filed a petition or a complaint or otherwise filed a written pleading for protection against abuse and the person against whom the filing was made is not entitled to full faith and credit if either: (a) The person against whom an initial order was sought has not filed a cross or counter petition or other written pleading seeking a protection order. (b) The issuing court failed to make specific findings supporting the entitlement of both parties to be granted a protection order. 4. A peace officer may presume the validity of and rely on a copy of a protection order that is issued by another state, a United States territory or an Indian tribe if the order was given to the officer by any source. A peace officer may also rely on the statement of any person who is protected by the order that the order remains in effect. A peace officer who acts in good faith reliance on a protection order is not civilly or criminally liable for enforcing the protection order pursuant to this section.

Possession of Burglary Tools

13-1505. Possession of burglary tools; master key; manipulation key; classification
A. A person commits possession of burglary tools by: 1. Possessing any explosive, tool, instrument or other article adapted or commonly used for committing any form of burglary as defined in sections 13-1506, 13-1507 and 13-1508 and intending to use or permit the use of such an item in the commission of a burglary. 2. Buying, selling, transferring, possessing or using a motor vehicle manipulation key or master key. B. Subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section does not apply to a person who either: 1. Uses a master key in the course of the person’s lawful business or occupation, including licensed vehicle dealers and manufacturers, key manufacturers who are engaged in the business of designing, making, altering, duplicating or repairing locks or keys, locksmiths, loan institutions that finance vehicles and law enforcement. 2. Transfers, possesses or uses no more than one manipulation key, unless the manipulation key is transferred, possessed or used with the intent to commit any theft or felony. C. Possession of burglary tools is a class 6 felony.

Possession of Marijuana

13-3405. Possession, use, production, sale or transportation of marijuana; classification
A. A person shall not knowingly: 1. Possess or use marijuana. 2. Possess marijuana for sale. 3. Produce marijuana. 4. Transport for sale, import into this state or offer to transport for sale or import into this state, sell, transfer or offer to sell or transfer marijuana. B. A person who violates: 1. Subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section involving an amount of marijuana not possessed for sale having a weight of less than two pounds is guilty of a class 6 felony. 2. Subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section involving an amount of marijuana not possessed for sale having a weight of at least two pounds but less than four pounds is guilty of a class 5 felony. 3. Subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section involving an amount of marijuana not possessed for sale having a weight of four pounds or more is guilty of a class 4 felony. 4. Subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of less than two pounds is guilty of a class 4 felony. 5. Subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of at least two pounds but not more than four pounds is guilty of a class 3 felony. 6. Subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of more than four pounds is guilty of a class 2 felony. 7. Subsection A, paragraph 3 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of less than two pounds is guilty of a class 5 felony. 8. Subsection A, paragraph 3 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of at least two pounds but not more than four pounds is guilty of a class 4 felony. 9. Subsection A, paragraph 3 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of four pounds or more is guilty of a class 3 felony. 10. Subsection A, paragraph 4 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of less than two pounds is guilty of a class 3 felony. 11. Subsection A, paragraph 4 of this section involving an amount of marijuana having a weight of two pounds or more is guilty of a class 2 felony. C. If the aggregate amount of marijuana involved in one offense or all of the offenses that are consolidated for trial equals or exceeds the statutory threshold amount, a person who is sentenced pursuant to subsection B, paragraph 5, 6, 8, 9 or 11 of this section is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis until the person has served the sentence imposed by the court, the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07 or the sentence is commuted. D. In addition to any other penalty prescribed by this title, the court shall order a person who is convicted of a violation of any provision of this section to pay a fine of not less than seven hundred fifty dollars or three times the value as determined by the court of the marijuana involved in or giving rise to the charge, whichever is greater, and not more than the maximum authorized by chapter 8 of this title. A judge shall not suspend any part or all of the imposition of any fine required by this subsection. E. A person who is convicted of a felony violation of any provision of this section for which probation or release before the expiration of the sentence imposed by the court is authorized is prohibited from using any marijuana, dangerous drug or narcotic drug except as lawfully administered by a practitioner and as a condition of any probation or release shall be required to submit to drug testing administered under the supervision of the probation department of the county or the state department of corrections as appropriate during the duration of the term of probation or before the expiration of the sentence imposed. F. If the aggregate amount of marijuana involved in one offense or all of the offenses that are consolidated for trial is less than the statutory threshold amount, a person who is sentenced pursuant to subsection B, paragraph 4, 7 or 10 and who is granted probation by the court shall be ordered by the court that as a condition of probation the person perform not less than two hundred forty hours of community restitution with an agency or organization providing counseling, rehabilitation or treatment for alcohol or drug abuse, an agency or organization that provides medical treatment to persons who abuse controlled substances, an agency or organization that serves persons who are victims of crime or any other appropriate agency or organization. G. If a person who is sentenced pursuant to subsection B, paragraph 1, 2 or 3 of this section is granted probation for a felony violation of this section, the court shall order that as a condition of probation the person perform not less than twenty-four hours of community restitution with an agency or organization providing counseling, rehabilitation or treatment for alcohol or drug abuse, an agency or organization that provides medical treatment to persons who abuse controlled substances, an agency or organization that serves persons who are victims of crimes or any other appropriate agency or organization. H. If a person is granted probation for a misdemeanor violation of this section, the court shall order as a condition of probation that the person attend eight hours of instruction on the nature and harmful effects of narcotic drugs, marijuana and other dangerous drugs on the human system, and on the laws related to the control of these substances, or perform twenty-four hours of community restitution.

Prescription Only Drug Offenses

13-3406. Possession, use, administration, acquisition, sale, manufacture or transportation of prescription-only drugs; classification
A. A person shall not knowingly: 1. Possess or use a prescription-only drug unless the person obtains the prescription-only drug pursuant to a valid prescription of a prescriber who is licensed pursuant to title 32, chapter 7, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 25 or 29 or is similarly licensed in another state. 2. Unless the person holds a license or a permit issued pursuant to title 32, chapter 7, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 25 or 29, possess a prescription-only drug for sale. 3. Unless the person holds a license or a permit issued pursuant to title 32, chapter 7, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 25 or 29, possess equipment and chemicals for the purpose of manufacturing a prescription-only drug. 4. Unless the person holds a license or a permit issued pursuant to title 32, chapter 18, manufacture a prescription-only drug. 5. Administer a prescription-only drug to another person whose possession or use of the prescription-only drug violates any provision of this section. 6. Obtain or procure the administration of a prescription-only drug by fraud, deceit, misrepresentation or subterfuge. 7. Unless the person is authorized, transport for sale, import into this state or offer to transport for sale or import into this state, sell, transfer or offer to sell or transfer a prescription-only drug. B. A person who violates: 1. Subsection A, paragraph 1, 3, 4, 5 or 6 is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor. 2. Subsection A, paragraph 2 or 7 is guilty of a class 6 felony. C. In addition to any other penalty prescribed by this title, the court shall order a person who is convicted of a violation of any provision of this section to pay a fine of one thousand dollars. A judge shall not suspend any part or all of the imposition of any fine required by this subsection. D. A person who is convicted of a felony violation of a provision of this section for which probation or release before the expiration of the sentence imposed by the court is authorized is prohibited from using any marijuana, dangerous drug, narcotic drug or prescription-only drug except as lawfully administered by a practitioner and as a condition of any probation or release shall be required to submit to drug testing administered under the supervision of the probation department of the county or the state department of corrections, as appropriate, during the duration of the term of probation or before the expiration of the sentence imposed. E. If a person who is convicted of a violation of a provision of subsection A, paragraph 2 or 7 is granted probation, the court shall order that as a condition of probation the person perform not less than two hundred forty hours of community restitution with an agency or organization providing counseling, rehabilitation or treatment for alcohol or drug abuse, an agency or organization that provides medical treatment to persons who abuse controlled substances, an agency or organization that serves persons who are victims of crime or any other appropriate agency or organization.

Preventing use of 911 Call

13-2915. Preventing use of telephone in emergency; false representation of emergency; classification; definitions
A. It is unlawful for a person to do any of the following: 1. Knowingly refuse to yield or surrender the use of a party line to another person to report a fire or summon police or medical or other aid in case of emergency. 2. Ask for or request the use of a party line on the pretext that an emergency exists, knowing that no emergency in fact exists. 3. Intentionally prevent or interfere with the use of a telephone by another person in an emergency situation. B. Every telephone directory that is compiled and distributed to subscribers shall contain a notice explaining this section. The notice shall be printed in type that is no smaller than any other type on the same page, other than headings, and shall be preceded by the word “warning”. This subsection does not apply to directories that are distributed solely for business advertising purposes, commonly known as classified directories. C. This section does not require a person to allow another person to enter the person’s home or place of residence for the purpose of using a telephone in an emergency situation. D. A person who violates this section is guilty of a class 2 misdemeanor. E. For the purposes of this section: 1. “Emergency” means a situation in which property or human life is in jeopardy and the prompt summoning of aid is essential. 2. “Emergency situation” means a situation in which both of the following apply: (a) Human health, life or safety is in jeopardy and the prompt summoning of aid is essential. (b) It is reasonable to believe that a domestic violence offense pursuant to section 13-3601 is being, has been or is about to be committed. 3. “Party line” means a subscriber’s line telephone circuit, consisting of two or more main telephone stations connected therewith, each station with a distinctive ring or telephone number.

Prostitution

13-3201. Enticement of persons for purpose of prostitution; classification
A person who knowingly entices any other person into a house of prostitution, or elsewhere, for the purpose of prostitution with another person, is guilty of a class 6 felony.

Riot

13-2903. Riot; classification
A. A person commits riot if, with two or more other persons acting together, such person recklessly uses force or violence or threatens to use force or violence, if such threat is accompanied by immediate power of execution, which disturbs the public peace. B. Riot is a class 5 felony.

Shoplifting

13-1805. Shoplifting; detaining suspect; defense to wrongful detention; civil action by merchant; public services; classification
A. A person commits shoplifting if, while in an establishment in which merchandise is displayed for sale, the person knowingly obtains such goods of another with the intent to deprive that person of such goods by: 1. Removing any of the goods from the immediate display or from any other place within the establishment without paying the purchase price; or 2. Charging the purchase price of the goods to a fictitious person or any person without that person’s authority; or 3. Paying less than the purchase price of the goods by some trick or artifice such as altering, removing, substituting or otherwise disfiguring any label, price tag or marking; or 4. Transferring the goods from one container to another; or 5. Concealment. B. A person is presumed to have the necessary culpable mental state pursuant to subsection A of this section if the person does either of the following: 1. Knowingly conceals on himself or another person unpurchased merchandise of any mercantile establishment while within the mercantile establishment. 2. Uses an artifice, instrument, container, device or other article to facilitate the shoplifting. C. A merchant, or a merchant’s agent or employee, with reasonable cause, may detain on the premises in a reasonable manner and for a reasonable time any person who is suspected of shoplifting as prescribed in subsection A of this section for questioning or summoning a law enforcement officer. D. Reasonable cause is a defense to a civil or criminal action against a peace officer, a merchant or an agent or employee of the merchant for false arrest, false or unlawful imprisonment or wrongful detention. E. If a minor engages in conduct that violates subsection A of this section, notwithstanding the fact that the minor may not be held responsible because of the person’s minority, any merchant who is injured by the shoplifting of the minor may bring a civil action against the parent or legal guardian of the minor under either section 12-661 or 12-692. F. Any merchant who is injured by the shoplifting of an adult or emancipated minor in violation of subsection A of this section may bring a civil action against the adult or emancipated minor pursuant to section 12-691. G. In imposing sentence on a person who is convicted of violating this section, the court may require any person to perform public services designated by the court in addition to or in lieu of any fine that the court might impose. H. Shoplifting property with a value of two thousand dollars or more, shoplifting property during any continuing criminal episode or shoplifting property if done to promote, further or assist any criminal street gang or criminal syndicate is a class 5 felony. Shoplifting property with a value of one thousand dollars or more but less than two thousand dollars is a class 6 felony. Shoplifting property valued at less than one thousand dollars is a class 1 misdemeanor, unless the property is a firearm in which case the shoplifting is a class 6 felony. For the purposes of this subsection, “continuing criminal episode” means theft of property with a value of one thousand five hundred dollars or more if committed during at least three separate incidences within a period of ninety consecutive days with the intent to resell the merchandise. I. A person who commits shoplifting and who has previously committed or been convicted within the past five years of two or more offenses involving burglary, shoplifting, robbery or theft is guilty of a class 4 felony.

Theft

Theft By Control With Intent To Deprive

The crime of theft requires proof of the following two things:

1.The defendant knowingly controlled another person’s property; and 2.The defendant intended to deprive the other person of the property.

13-1802. Theft; classification
A. A person commits theft if, without lawful authority, the person knowingly: 1. Controls property of another with the intent to deprive the other person of such property; or 2. Converts for an unauthorized term or use services or property of another entrusted to the defendant or placed in the defendant’s possession for a limited, authorized term or use; or 3. Obtains services or property of another by means of any material misrepresentation with intent to deprive the other person of such property or services; or 4. Comes into control of lost, mislaid or misdelivered property of another under circumstances providing means of inquiry as to the true owner and appropriates such property to the person’s own or another’s use without reasonable efforts to notify the true owner; or 5. Controls property of another knowing or having reason to know that the property was stolen; or 6. Obtains services known to the defendant to be available only for compensation without paying or an agreement to pay the compensation or diverts another’s services to the person’s own or another’s benefit without authority to do so. B. A person commits theft if the person knowingly takes control, title, use or management of an incapacitated or vulnerable adult’s assets or property through intimidation or deception, as defined in section 46-456, while acting in a position of trust and confidence and with the intent to deprive the incapacitated or vulnerable adult of the asset or property. C. The inferences set forth in section 13-2305 apply to any prosecution under subsection A, paragraph 5 of this section. D. At the conclusion of any grand jury proceeding, hearing or trial, the court shall preserve any trade secret that is admitted in evidence or any portion of a transcript that contains information relating to the trade secret pursuant to section 44-405. E. Theft of property or services with a value of twenty-five thousand dollars or more is a class 2 felony. Theft of property or services with a value of four thousand dollars or more but less than twenty-five thousand dollars is a class 3 felony. Theft of property or services with a value of three thousand dollars or more but less than four thousand dollars is a class 4 felony, except that theft of any vehicle engine or transmission is a class 4 felony regardless of value. Theft of property or services with a value of two thousand dollars or more but less than three thousand dollars is a class 5 felony. Theft of property or services with a value of one thousand dollars or more but less than two thousand dollars is a class 6 felony. Theft of any property or services valued at less than one thousand dollars is a class 1 misdemeanor, unless the property is taken from the person of another, is a firearm or is a dog taken for the purpose of dog fighting in violation of section 13-2910.01, in which case the theft is a class 6 felony. F. A person who is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 1 or 3 of this section that involved property with a value of one hundred thousand dollars or more is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except pursuant to section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served, the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07 or the sentence is commuted.

Threatening or Intimidating

13-1202. Threatening or intimidating; classification
A. A person commits threatening or intimidating if the person threatens or intimidates by word or conduct: 1. To cause physical injury to another person or serious damage to the property of another; or 2. To cause, or in reckless disregard to causing, serious public inconvenience including, but not limited to, evacuation of a building, place of assembly or transportation facility; or 3. To cause physical injury to another person or damage to the property of another in order to promote, further or assist in the interests of or to cause, induce or solicit another person to participate in a criminal street gang, a criminal syndicate or a racketeering enterprise. B. Threatening or intimidating pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 1 or 2 is a class 1 misdemeanor, except that it is a class 6 felony if: 1. The offense is committed in retaliation for a victim’s either reporting criminal activity or being involved in an organization, other than a law enforcement agency, that is established for the purpose of reporting or preventing criminal activity. 2. The person is a criminal street gang member. C. Threatening or intimidating pursuant to subsection A, paragraph 3 is a class 3 felony.

Transporting a Prostitute

13-3210. Transporting persons for purpose of prostitution or other immoral purpose; classification; venue

A person knowingly transporting by any means of conveyance, through or across this state, any other person for the purposes of prostitution or concubinage, or for any other immoral purposes, is guilty of a class 5 felony. The prosecution of such person may be in any county in which such person is apprehended.

Unlawful Imprisonment

13-1303. Unlawful imprisonment; classification
A. A person commits unlawful imprisonment by knowingly restraining another person. B. In any prosecution for unlawful imprisonment, it is a defense that: 1. The restraint was accomplished by a peace officer acting in good faith in the lawful performance of his duty; or 2. The defendant is a relative of the person restrained and the defendant’s sole intent is to assume lawful custody of that person and the restraint was accomplished without physical injury. C. Unlawful imprisonment is a class 6 felony unless the victim is released voluntarily by the defendant without physical injury in a safe place prior to arrest in which case it is a class 1 misdemeanor.

Unlawful Use of Transportation

13-1803. Unlawful use of means of transportation; classification
A. A person commits unlawful use of means of transportation if, without intent permanently to deprive, the person either: 1. Knowingly takes unauthorized control over another person’s means of transportation. 2. Knowingly is transported or physically located in a vehicle that the person knows or has reason to know is in the unlawful possession of another person pursuant to paragraph 1 or section 13-1814. B. A violation of subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section is a class 5 felony. C. A violation of subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section is a class 6 felony.

Use of Telephone to Threaten or Harass

13-2916. Use of telephone to terrify, intimidate, threaten, harass, annoy or offend; classification
A. It is unlawful for any person, with intent to terrify, intimidate, threaten, harass, annoy or offend, to use a telephone and use any obscene, lewd or profane language or suggest any lewd or lascivious act, or threaten to inflict physical harm to the person or property of any person. It is also unlawful to otherwise disturb by repeated anonymous telephone calls the peace, quiet or right of privacy of any person at the place where the telephone call or calls were received. B. Any offense committed by use of a telephone as set forth in this section is deemed to have been committed at either the place where the telephone call or calls originated or at the place where the telephone call or calls were received. C. Any person who violates this section is guilty of a class 1 misdemeanor.

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